Transfiguration

Raphael's depiction of 'Transfiguration.'

The Gospel reading on this second Sunday of Lent is always the story of the Transfiguration, an event that is also celebrated on August 6th every year. We see Jesus on Mount Tabor with Moses and Elijah as his clothes become dazzlingly white and this inspires St Peter to suggest that Jesus will let him build three tents, one for Jesus, one for Moses and one for Elijah. Jesus hints that there is much work to be done, and rather than hanging out together on the mountain, they had to go back to continue the work still waiting for them. This also reflects on our attitude when we feel happy and relaxed – we hope it will stay like that forever. But we know that reality is much different, as there is always work for us to accomplish. Prayer is good and beneficial, but we also have to roll up our sleeves once in a while and work with others to bring peace and harmony. This masterpiece was painted in 1520 and is presently at the Pinacoteca Vaticana, at Vatican City. 

Forgiveness

O God, forgive us for the faults which make us difficult to live with.
If we behave as if we were the only people for whom life is difficult;
If we behave as if we were far harder worked than anyone else;
If we behave as if we were the only people who were ever disappointed, or the only people who ever got a raw deal; If we are far too self-centered and far too full of self-pity: 
Forgive us, 0 God.
If we are too impatient to finish the work we have begun; If we are too impatient to listen to someone who wants to talk to us, or to give someone a helping hand; If we think that other people are fools, and make no attempt to conceal our contempt for them: Forgive us, 0 God.
If we too often rub people the wrong way;
If we spoil a good case by trying to ram it down someone's throat;
If we do things that get on people's nerves, and go on doing them, even when we are asked not to: Forgive us, 0 God.
Help us to take the selfishness and the ugliness out of life and to do better in the days to come.

St Gregory of Narek

This new saint has been canonized and introduced to the liturgical calendar 13 years ago, but he was quoted often by Pope St John Paul II. I was curious to search for his writings, among them the Book of Lamentations (of course not the Old Testament book,) 95 chapters of beautiful, meaningful and well-constructed prayers by St Gregory of Narek, an Armenian saint born in 945 AD. He was ordained a priest in the year 977, exactly 1000 years before my own ordination in 1977. You will find these prayers all in the link at the end of this post, but I share with you just one chapter, just part of chapter 58. Reflect on it and then search for more prayers in this website indicated at the end.

Lord, you are goodness beyond telling,

wonder-filled human kindness,
astonishing forgiveness, perplexing forbearance,
unending sweetness, glorious mildness.
You, over whom compassion prevails, but do not feel restrained.
You are overwhelmed by mercy, but are not blamed.
You are constrained by human kindness, but are not disdained.
You are compelled by goodness, but are not cursed.
You act out of love, but are not ridiculed.
You seek my return to you, but do not grow weary.
You run after me in my obstinacy, but do not give up.
You call out to me though I do not listen, but do not lose patience.
You rush after me in my sloth and are not stopped.
In the face of my evil, you are good.
In the face of my total indebtedness, you are forgiving.
In the face of my sinfulness, you are indulgent.
In the face of my darkness, you are light.
In the face of my mortality, you are life.

http://armenianhouse.org/grigor-narekatsi/tenets.html

St Francis’ remains

Skeletal remains of St Francis of Assisi

The remains of Italy's patron saint, St Francis of Assisi, have gone on public display to mark 800 years since his death. Italian officials say about 400,000 people from around the world have reserved a place to see his bones in the central Italian town of Assisi. The 13th Century skeleton is being displayed from Sunday February 22 at the lower church of the famous Basilica of St Francis of Assisi. His remains have only been seen in public once before - for a single day in 1978 to a very limited group of people. Born in the Italian city of Assisi in 1181 or 1182, St Francis renounced his wealth and devoted his life to the poor, founding the order of the Franciscans. He is also the patron saint of animals, ecology and the environment. 

The Feast of St Francis is celebrated annually on 4 October to mark the day of his death in 1226. The late Pope Francis, who died last year after leading the Roman Catholic Church for more than a decade, chose his name and modelled his papacy after the radical humility of Saint Francis. St Francis of Assisi's bones will be on display until 22 March.

Some unanswered questions

Feet smell, and noses run ! ! Why ?

Why does the sun lighten our hair, but darken our skin?
Why can't women put on mascara with their mouth closed?
Why is it that your feet smell, while your nose runs?
Why doesn't glue stick to the inside of the bottle?
Why don't you ever see the headline "Psychic Wins Lottery"?
Why is "abbreviated" such a long word?
Why is a boxing ring square?
Why is it called lipstick if you can still move your lips?
Why is it that doctors call what they do "practice"?
Why is it that rain drops but snow falls?
Why is it that when you're driving and looking for an address, you turn down the volume on the radio?
Why is lemon juice made with artificial flavor, and dishwashing liquid made with real lemons?
Why is the man who invests all your money called a broker?
Why is the third hand on the watch called second hand?
Why is the time of day with the slowest traffic called rush hour?
Why isn't there a special name for the tops of your feet?
Why isn't there mouse-flavored cat food?
Why can't they make the whole plane out of the same substance that little indestructible black box is?

Passion Flower

Known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, Passiflora is a genus of about 500 species of flowering plants, the namesakes of the family Passifloraceae. They are mostly vines, with some being shrubs. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Spanish Christian missionaries adopted the unique physical structures of this plant, particularly the numbers of its various flower parts, as symbols of the last days of Jesus and especially his crucifixion:

The Blue Passion Flower (Passiflora Caerulea) shows most elements of the Christian symbolism
The pointed tips of the leaves were taken to represent the lance that pierced Jesus’ side.
The tendrils represent the whips used in the flagellation of Christ.
The ten petals and sepals represent the ten faithful apostles (excluding St. Peter and Judas Iscariot)
The flower's radial filaments, which can number more than a hundred and vary from flower to flower, represent the crown of thorns.
The chalice-shaped ovary with its receptacle represents the chalice or the Holy Grail.
The 3 stigmas represent the 3 nails and the 5 anthers below them the 5 wounds (four by the nails and one by the lance).
The blue and white colors of many species' flowers represent Heaven and Purity.
I took the above photo in Malta, where the Passion flowers grow profusely, especially in the spring.

Klaebo and friends

The Winter Olympics are over, and Milano and Cortina d’Ampezzo gave a true spectacle of sheer beauty and excellence, enhanced of course by the success of the many athletes who sparkled like snowflakes in the sun. Among the most successful athletes are Johannes Klaebo (Norway, cross-country skiing,) Franjo von Almen, Switzerland, and Frederica Brignone, Italy, (slalom and downhill skiing,) Germany (Bobsleigh,) Sweden (cross-country skiing,) Alysia Liu (USA, figure skating,) Italy and Germany (luge,) Jens Luras Oftebro (Norway, Nordic combined,) Netherlands (short speed skating,) Great Britain (skeleton,) Anna Odine Strom (Norway, ski jumping,) Jordan Stoltz (USA, speed skating) Jens van’t Wout (Netherlands, speed-skating,) Francesca Lollobrigida (Italy, speed skating). These were all multiple gold medal winners. In total, Norway won 18 gold, 12 silver and 11 bronze medals, USA 12-12-9, Italy 10-6-14, Germany 8-10-8, Japan 5-7-12. The biggest star was Johannes Klaebo who won 6 gold medals, whom I honor with this photo as he nibbles on one of his gold medals.

Repent and Believe

On this first Sunday of Lent, we see Jesus being tempted by the devil in the desert, and then we see him in prayer, while encouraging the people to “repent and believe in the gospel.” This was the same message of John the Baptist in Advent as it was last Wednesday on Ash Wednesday. May I suggest this guideline to help you throughout your Lenten journey:

Repent - admit of your weaknesses and ask for forgiveness.
Return - come back to church where you can find comfort and consolation.
Reorient yourself - make the adjustments you need.
Resolve to change - ask God to help you make the changes you need for a better life.
Rejoice - be happy with the person that is your NEW YOU.
Remember - the blessings you received, so that you don’t start taking God for granted.

Pope Francis - last testament

These were some phrases Pope Francis had left us just days before he was gone to heaven.

Fast from hurting words, and say only kind words.

Fast from sadness and be filled with gratitude.

Fast from pessimism and be filled with hope.

Fast from worries and trust in God.

Fast from worries and be prayerful.

Fast from bitterness and fill your heart with joy.

Fast from grudges, and be reconciled.

Fast from selfishness and be compassionate with others.

Fast from words and be silent, so that you can listen.

Our Journey through Lent

Every year through the season of Lent, we experience a journey of emotions.

Like Jesus, we are asked to retreat to the desert , and while there, to avoid any temptations that we come across.

Like Jesus, we may experience temporary glory as He did on Mount Tabor with Moses and Elijah.

Like Jesus, we may be offered Living Water as He did with the Samaritan woman.

Like Jesus, we may be tried and processed as He did in front of Pilate and Herod.

Like Jesus, we are asked to pray as the three apostles were asked to, even though they fell asleep.

Like Jesus, we are asked to carry our cross, knowing that He is right behind us, carrying most of its weight.

Like Jesus, we will rise again, out of our miseries and enjoy eternal life with Him in heaven.

Forgiveness

Forgive me Lord.

Because I am obnoxious, forgive me, Lord.

Because I am dishonest, forgive me Lord.

Because I am egotistical, forgive me Lord.

Because I am undisciplined, forgive me Lord.

Because I am weak, forgive me Lord.

Because I am impure, forgive me Lord.

Because I am arrogant, forgive me Lord.

Because I am self-centered, forgive me Lord.

Because I am pompous, forgive me Lord.

Because I am insincere, forgive me Lord.

Because I am unchaste, forgive me Lord.

Because I am grasping, forgive me Lord.

Because I am judgmental, forgive me Lord.

Because I am impatient, forgive me Lord.

Because I am intolerant, forgive me Lord.

Because I am inconsistent, forgive me Lord.

Because I am immoral, forgive me Lord.

Because I am ungrateful, forgive me Lord.

Because I am disobedient, forgive me Lord.

Because I am selfish, forgive me Lord.

Because I am lukewarm, forgive me Lord.

Because I am slothful, forgive me Lord.

Because I am unloving, forgive me Lord.

Because I am uncommitted, forgive me Lord.

Because I am sinful, forgive me Lord.

Because I am Loved by You, thank You Lord!

Ash Wednesday

The Lenten season starts today with the celebration of Ash Wednesday. As people gather in churches, they will hear two different phrases as they receive their ashes.

"Repent and Believe in the Gospel of Jesus Christ."
"Remember that you are dust and to dust you shall return."
This is time of penance and repentance, a time to get closer to our ideals as Christians, to get closer to our God who will soon suffer and die for us. Let us utilize this special spiritual time of the year to show that we are truly remorseful of our sinfulness and are ready to change our lives.

It is interesting to note that in European countries, including Italy and Malta, the ashes are placed or dropped on top of the head, instead of marked on the forehead as is done in the USA. Instead of palms, sacristans burn olive branches, which had dried up from the previous Palm Sunday celebration, and the ashes are grey. This also shows the continuity between one year and another, from ashes to palms, and from palms to ashes. It is also a reminder of the stark fact that from dust we came, and to dust we will return, as the second phrase proclaims. Some parishes in New York used to replace the holy water fonts with ashes instead of holy water during Lent. I invite you to journey with me as I share with you during the next 40 days, reflections and meditations that will help you get closer to the crucified Jesus.
We adore you o Christ, and we praise You, because by Your Holy Cross, You have redeemed the world.

7 Servants of Mary

Can you imagine seven prominent men of Boston or New York or London banding together, leaving their homes and professions, and going into solitude for a life directly given to God? That is what happened in the cultured and prosperous city of Florence in the middle of the 13th century. The city was torn with political strife, morals were low and religion seemed meaningless. In 1240 seven noblemen of Florence mutually decided to withdraw from the city to a solitary place for prayer and direct service of God. Their initial difficulty was providing for their dependents, since two were still married and two were widowers. Their aim was to lead a life of penance and prayer, but they soon found themselves disturbed by constant visitors from Florence. In 1244, under the direction of St. Peter of Verona, O.P., this small group adopted a religious habit similar to the Dominican habit, choosing to live under the Rule of St. Augustine and adopting the name of the Servants of Mary. The new Order took a form more like that of the mendicant friars than that of the older monastic orders. Community members combined monastic life and active ministry. In the monastery, they led a life of prayer, work and silence while in the active apostolate they engaged in parochial work, teaching, preaching and other ministerial activities. They were especially devoted to the Mother of God, with special reference to her sorrows. They are also known as the Seven Holy Founders and the Servants of Mary. The church celebrates their liturgical feastday today, February 17. The feast of Our Lady of Sorrows is on September 15, but in Malta, a special devotion in her honor is held on the Friday before Palm Sunday, with processions in all the parishes. 

Clowning 20 years ago !

                  

Parish picnic clown with Gracie Hardy in 2006

To celebrate carnival weekend being celebrated today, I share with you today......

Flashback from my journals - September 10, 2006 - PARISH PICNIC - A great Mass today, during which I announced my citizenship and welcomed everyone for another great year, with today’s Mass being like a kick-off for the new working year. Today was also the day for our parish picnic which was well-organized by my four go-getters who seem to work so well together, Cathy Berka, Kelly Hardy, Tay Mohr and Arlene Dethloff, besides their spouses, other parishioners who helped in the set-up and clean-up. People brought lots of food, while God gave us a glorious day with plenty of sunshine which everyone seemed to enjoy, because it was not hot with temperatures in the 70s. Many games were organized, mainly for children, but adults got involved in horse-shoes, bocce ball, volleyball, other than competitions to choose one of many interesting categories, like the oldest person, the farthest traveled person, the person from the farthest country, the most recently married and oldest married couple. Children competed also in drawing the most beautiful stained-glass window with chalk on the black-top. A very popular clown entertained the children and the adults while handing out balloons to the children, as they tried to guess who was behind the clown’s costume. When the Pastor did not show up, it was easy for people to conclude who it was, also because they somehow recognized the eye-brows and hairy hands, in spite of the fact that his face was painted in white and wearing  a curly purple wig. When I showed up after removing my outfit and washing my face, I apologized for being late and tried to convince the people that I had a run-in with the clown as he was caught drinking wine on the steps of the Cathedral. Few of course believed me, but the children remained very suspicious and wondered who the clown was. 

The clown handing out balloons

A horse-driven carriage by Ron Colton provided rides around town, let by two majestic draft horses that are big as the Clydesdale Budweiser horses. The pinada once again was a very popular attraction for all the children, and in spite of a few near misses with the dangerous pole in the hands of 5 year-olds, everyone ended with a handful of candy. It was so good to see everyone having a good time, and those who decided not to come do not know what they missed! By 3 PM, I was on my way to my Mission Church in Halfway, whose parishioners surprised me with a fellowship get-together after Mass with some ice-cream, juice and cookies to celebrate my citizenship. To commemorate the 5^th anniversary of the September 11 tragedy, I played my “Twin Towers Lament” on the flute which of course was very well received. Incidentally, the girl who painted the clown's face, Mayce Collard, was killed in driving accident in February 2007, a tragic day for the entire parish. She was only 17 and had just received her driver's license. She skidded on an icy road and died on the spot.

Carnival

It's Carnival time in Malta and in many other countries, like Brazil, New Orleans, Venice and our little sister island of Gozo, which has become synonymous with original, inventive, weird and strange costumes that people create to show off. Enjoy some Carnival floats that parade through the streets of the capital city Valletta from today till Tuesday evening. Even Donald Trump shows up in one of the floats, riding a bull in a Rodeo.

God is Love

The Bleeding Heart, my favorite flower, known as Dicentra spectabilis

God is Love. Love is the Lord of Life. Love gives Himself to you as the Living Bread of Heaven to sustain you through all life’s difficulties. Love is Jesus Christ who is the Truth, the Way and the Life.
Love demands openness, brings sincerity to all our actions, never makes excuses.
Love is Truth, as it enables us to be honest at all cost, never compromises the consciences of others, penetrates to our inner being, allows us to see ourselves as we really are.
Love is the Way, as it give at all cost, cares for all, shares oneself with others in humility, forgives to the umpteenth time, always says “I am sorry” for any wrong, evaluates but does not judge, guarantees tolerance, seeks a blending busyness and contemplation, binds the spiritual and sensual, discerns the important from the trivial, shares the joys and sadness of others, recognizes others as our fellow sisters and brothers.
Love is Life, as it offers vitality and hope to everyday, enjoys the eternal now for all its richness, cascades through all our emotions and endeavors, reaches out, ascending new horizons, brings fulfillment, eternal joy and serenity, is never exhausted.

Love is saying “I love you” at the end of each day, even when the day has been awful. Love seeks out the new day for a new beginning.  

Deer and Fawns

This was the first photo I took with my first digital camera, back in 2005. I was on my way to my Halfway mission church to celebrate the weekend Mass, which I did for 8 years, and along the Powder River there was always some kind of wildlife testing my quickness to take a great photo. This was one of those occasions as I saw a mother deer with 2 fawns nursing, watching over any intruders. Realizing that I was not the harmful type of intruder, she kept a close watchful eye on me as I zoomed on the trio and snapped this great photo. The fawns always have those white dots on their back when they are growing, which will disappear as they grow older. The female deer is called a doe, and generally has one or two fawns at a time. Mating season typically begins in later August and lasts until December. Some species mate until early March. The gestation period lasts up to 10 months. The fawn and its mother stay together for about one year.

Human Statistics

 - The average adult male shaves off 1 lb of beard per year.
 - A hard working adult sweats up to 4 gallons per day. Most of the sweat evaporates before a person realizes it's there though!
 - Men get hiccups more often than women do.
 - Nearly all boys grow at least as tall as their mothers.
 - 55,700 people in the US are injured by jewelry each year.
 - Men can read smaller print than women; women can hear better.
 - On average, people spend more than five years of their lives dreaming.
 - The average person has over 1,460 dreams a year.
 - In the course of a lifetime the average person will grow 2 meters of nose hair.
 - The average American makes six trips to the bathroom every day; that's about 2 1/2 years of your life down the drain.
 - The average American spends six months at red lights throughout his or her life.
 - By the age of 75, the average American has created about 110,000 pounds of garbage. 

 - Women blink nearly twice as much as men.
 - On average, humans have 9,000 taste buds in their mouths, tongues, and throats.
 - The average person will swallow 295 times while eating.
 - In your lifetime your body will produce more than 25,000 quarts of saliva.
 - Only one person in two billion will live to be 116 or older.
 - It's impossible to sneeze with your eyes open.
 - Right handed people live, on average, nine years longer than left handed people do.
 - The average person laughs 13 times a day.
 - In an average lifetime a person will walk the equivalent of three times around the world.
 - In one day an average person will take about 18,000 steps.
 - A toothpick is the object most often choked on by Americans!
 - Most people take an average of seven minutes to fall asleep.
 - When asked to name a color, 3 out of 5 people will say red. 
 - Americans consumed 2 billion dollars worth of mayonnaise last year, and only 800 million dollars worth of Kethcup.

Our Lady of Lourdes

In 2019 and again in 2023 I was able to visit Lourdes with a group of Maltese pilgrims. I celebrated Mass for them and visited many landmarks, both in Lourdes itself and in the outskirts. But the thing that impressed me the most is the holiness and sacredness of the entire place. Yes, there were of course hotels and restaurants, but every shop and souvenir stand sold only religious articles, and absolutely nothing else. And once you enter the territory of Lourdes, you feel like you really entered a sanctuary, and you have the feeling that you were in a church, even with thousands of other pilgrims around. It was a very special time for me and one really felt the presence of the Blessed Mother with you wherever you went. Of course we participated in the aux flambeaux procession in the evening and I led the Way of the Cross and other prayers. Today we commemorate the first apparition of Our Lady at Lourdes to the young girl Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. Bernadette described the Lady as dressed in white with a blue sash around her waist and two golden roses on each of her feet, and with the Rosary beads in her hands. The Lady told her that she was the 'Immaculate Conception.' The church had just proclaimed the dogma of the Immaculate Conception 4 years earlier. It took the church a few years to declare the apparitions as truly authentic, and since then over 70 miracles have taken place to people visiting Lourdes, the tiny place nestled between Spain and France at the base of the Pyrenees Mountains. The famous movie ‘The Song of Bernadette’ portrays the story of Lourdes. In it the main actress, Jennifer Jones won the Oscar for best actress.

Shipwreck of St Paul

Shipwreck of St Paul by Fortunino Matania

February 10 is the celebration of the Shipwreck of St Paul on the shores of Malta. It is a holy day in Malta. The main church dedicated to the shipwreck of St Paul that happened in 60 AD, is situated in Valletta. The account of this event is recorded with minute detail by St Luke in chapters 27 and 28 of the Acts of the Apostles. The most popular verse in the entire Bible for all of the Maltese people is certainly this one: "Once we were on ground, we realized that the island was called Malta. The inhabitants showed us extraordinary kindness by lighting a fire and gathering us all around it......They paid us great honor and when we eventually set sail they brought us the provisions we needed." This speaks very highly of the Maltese inhabitants who showed themselves welcoming, appreciative and generous. 

We pray that the Maltese people will continue to hold close to their hearts the faith that St Paul planted on our island. The above statue of St Paul will be carried in procession this evening through the streets of Valletta. This wooden statue was carved by Melchiore Gafa.

USA to be consecrated

On the occasion of the 250th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence  in 1776, the United States of America will be consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus next June 2026. In preparation, a novena of special prayers will be held in all parishes. Pope Pius XII used to say that our devotion towards the Sacred Heart is a call to build our society of divine love. In an encyclical on this devotion, the Pope wrote that this devotion is the root and symbol of unity, salvation and peace. Pope Francis in his last encyclical Dilexit Nos (He loved us) describes the Sacred Heart as the greatest personal source of love towards his people.

A goat at the Cathedral?

Flashback from my years at the Cathedral in Baker City, Oregon, 2010 - Among the people waiting to talk to me today was a 7-year old Maggie McKenzie who will be making her First Holy Communion in May. She always has some serious question to ask me, especially since I befriended her after talking to her about her horses and ponies. Her parents own a big ranch with many cows and horses, sheep and goats. Well today she came in front of me and asked me “Do you want to go?” I told her surprisingly “Go where?”

“No, do you want a go?” Still confused, I again responded “Go where?”

“No, no do you want a goat?” Finally I understood her - she was asking me if I want to have a goat. As surprised as I was with the first unclear question, I was even more confused by this request. I told Maggie “What would I do with a goat, and where would I keep her?” Apparently this goat isn’t even born yet, as her mother later clarified to me. She thought it would be a great idea to have her around the property to munch on the grass instead of the noisy lawnmower. Of course I had to disappoint her and refuse the offer, but thanked her anyway. However I did ask her mother if she could name this goat Julian or Juliana, and she overwhelmingly obliged.

Later in the week, during the Religion classes, I noticed Maggie’s mother waiting for me with her daughter, and I presumed she had some further information about the goat, but the news was about one of their cows which had just delivered a two-headed calf. They showed me pictures of the calf and even though he died 24 hours later, the head and the common spine were taken to some lab and was diagnosed, and will be kept on display in a Cattle Museum. The vet who helped deliver this unusual calf was Kim Mahaffey, a local vet who is a friend of mine, married to Janie, our Yoga instructress. Even more incredible news spread a few weeks earlier when quadruplet calves were born of one cow, two of which died at birth, and the other two survived. Twin calves are rare, and triplets and quads are very, very rare.

Mass in an Ice chapel

An estimated 2,000-plus students and other members of the Notre Dame community in South Bend, Indiana, gathered the night of Feb. 2 in subfreezing temperatures to celebrate a candlelit Mass at the site of St. Olaf Chapel, a student-constructed fleeting house of worship made from snow, ice and faith. Roughly 5 feet wide and 15 feet long with 6-foot ceilings, an apse, stained-glass windows and a spire peaking at 20 feet, St. Olaf Chapel was born from the winter daydreaming of two seniors and residence assistants at Coyle Hall. Inspired by an igloo another Notre Dame student had built, they sought to construct their own monument on campus. Construction began the afternoon of Jan. 27, near the end of a month that saw more than 38 inches of snowfall in South Bend, the city's eighth-snowiest January on record. They modeled their chapel loosely off the University of Notre Dame's Basilica of the Sacred Heart and even Paris' Sainte-Chapelle. While the campus' famed golden-domed basilica took more than 20 years to fully complete, the ice chapel replica took about six days. The time in the cold, often alone, lent ample time to think. One topic: what to call their snow creation.

They landed on the name St. Olaf — after the 11th-century Norwegian king and martyr, not the snowman from the Disney movie "Frozen." Eventually, they decided to hold a Mass at the chapel and gave themselves a deadline of Feb. 2, the feast of the presentation of Jesus in the Temple. The assembly fell silent as the choir of 50 students began singing "In the Bleak Midwinter." Braving temperatures below 20 degrees Fahrenheit, the students prayed and even kneeled in the snow around St. Olaf. After the homily, they sang, with arms locked together, the alma mater "Notre Dame, Our Mother." One of the petitions prayed for those who suffer in the cold. Communion alone took a half hour and the priests ran out of consecrated hosts. Looking ahead, the Notre Dame students don't have any future plans for St. Olaf Chapel. Temperatures were expected to rise above freezing by Friday. The general consensus was "We'll let it melt. We'll let it go on. It was all for the glory of God, and it'll just be a good memory soon.”

St Paul Miki and companions

The 26 Martyrs of Japan we honor today refer to a group of Christians who were executed by crucifixion on February 5, 1597, at Nagasaki. Their martyrdom is especially significant in the history of Roman Catholicism in Japan. As many as 300,000 Christians were in Japan towards the end of the 16th century, but most of them met complications from competition between the missionary groups. Christianity was suppressed, and it was during this time that the 26 martyrs were executed. By 1630, Christianity had been driven underground. Two hundred and fifty years later, when Christian missionaries returned to Japan, they found a community of "hidden Christians" that had survived underground. On February 5, 1597, 26 Christians – six European Franciscan missionaries, three Japanese Jesuits and seventeen Japanese laymen including three young boys, who were all members of the Third Order of St. Francis – were executed by crucifixion in Nagasaki on the orders of Hideyoshi Toyotomi. These individuals were raised on crosses and then pierced through with spears. While there were many more martyrs, the first martyrs came to be especially revered, the most celebrated of which was Paul Miki. The Martyrs of Japan were canonized on June 8, 1862, by Blessed Pius IX. Unfortunately, Nagasaki would become known as the second city on which the atom bomb was dropped during World War II, the other city being Hiroshima, also in Japan.

St Agatha

St. Agatha was born in Catania, Sicily, and died there a martyr in approximately 251 AD. In the legend of her life, we are told that she belonged to a rich, important family. When she was young, she dedicated her life to God and resisted any men who wanted to marry her or have sex with her. One of these men, Quintian, was of a high enough rank that he felt he could force her to acquiesce. Knowing she was a Christian in a time of persecution, he had her arrested. He expected her to give in when faced with torture and possible death, but she simply affirmed her belief in God by praying: "Jesus Christ, Lord of all, you see my heart, you know my desires. Possess all that I am. I am your sheep: help me to overcome the devil." Quintian imprisoned her in a brothel in order to get her to change her mind. He brought her back before him after she had suffered a month of assault and humiliation in the brothel, but Agatha had never wavered. Quintian sent her to prison, instead of back to the brothel - a move intended to make her more afraid, but which probably was a great relief to her. When she continued to profess her faith in Jesus, Quintian had her tortured by cutting off her breasts. He refused her any medical care but God gave her all the care she needed in the form of a vision of St. Peter, who healed her breasts. Saint Agatha is often depicted in paintings carrying her excised breasts on a platter. The shape of her amputated breasts, especially as depicted in artistic renderings, gave rise to her attribution as the patron saint of bell-founders and of bakers, whose loaves were blessed on her feast day. More recently, she has been venerated as patron saint of breast cancer patients. Because she was asked for help during the eruption of Mount Etna she is considered a protector against the outbreak of fire. She is the patron saint of Catania, Molise, Malta, San Marino and Segovia in Spain. She is also the patron saint of breast cancer patients, martyrs, wet nurses, fire and earthquakes.